Frequency Domain Electromagnetics
Geonics EM31
Frequency Domain Electromagnetic Methods (FDEM) measure ground conductivity, and have a broad range of applications including mapping soil thickness, clay beds, contaminant plumes or underground utilities. FDEM methods are also useful for locating and outlining old excavation sites such as burial pits or landfills. Several instruments are commonly used, providing investigation depths from less than a meter to about 60 meters. ZAPATA owns and operates the Geonics EM31 and EM 34 instruments and has extensive experience in their application.
Contaminant Plume Mapped with EM34
Old Excavation Pit and Buried Utilities Mapped with EM31
